The present book wants to be a return on the notion of Fate and Chance in Marivaux's theater. Let us therefore specify that this reflection does not pretend to be a simple reading but an analysis and an attempt to propose modestly a meditative background of his works. Indeed, Marivaux's theater rubs shoulders with the great literatures of the world thanks to its horizontal glance and thanks to its various perspectives opened on the other epistemological fields. His work is in the wake of the "DieWeltliteratur. Marivaux's theater acts as a mechanism of unveiling the masks that the actors give themselves, first of all through the successive disguises they wear to probe the hearts of their suitors. It is thus about body masks, but also about masks of the language, the spirit, or the speeches through which they express the ambiguities of their feelings and their passions. Finally, it is also about the social masks which compose the political body.