When we see the city of Palmyra after the occupation of the so-called "Islamic State", a historic city since antiquity, a common heritage of humanity, was almost destroyed, we seriously think of more effective mechanisms fighting terrorism while trying to protect the cultural assets of humanity. Images that remind us of the practices of the Vandals in the Middle Ages after a military victory. This is indeed the very purpose of IHL, to protect cultural property, a protection that is not effective given the destruction of many monuments and places of worship during armed conflicts around the world. IHL is facing several issues and challenges, the protection of the civilian population, the protection of cultural property, places of worship, etc. with the absence of a clear legal framework to cover new conflicts. Armed conflicts, terrorism, have existed for hundreds of years, these terms are always treated by political actors and the media not at the level of results and suffering but at the level of legality and legitimacy, and this treatment is of eternal uselessness since they are in effect treating "darkness".