The Cerrado biome is present in almost all Brazilian states and is the second largest biome in Brazil. Through bibliographical research, this book sought to demonstrate the nutritional and medicinal characteristics of the Jatobá-do-cerrado (Hymenaea stigonocarpa) and Jatobá-da-mata (Hymenaea courbaril). Jatobá is a tree species of the genus Hymenaea, of the family Leguminosae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, it is a typical legume of the Brazilian cerrado, rich in fibre, minerals and essential oils, due to its high nutritional value and antioxidants present in its composition it is necessary to carry out studies aimed at its use in human and animal food and also its use in the development of new medicines, as well as in the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. Scientific studies will also help to conserve the species, as greater use of its seeds, flowers and fruit will provide local people who already use jatobá flour with other sources of income, thus protecting the species through sustainable management.